What needs to be considered by responders when determining the type of dam used to control a spill?

The specific gravity of the material is crucial when determining the type of dam to control a spill because it indicates whether the substance will float on water, sink, or remain suspended. Specific gravity is a comparison of the density of a substance to that of water. If the specific gravity is less than 1, the material will float, which requires a different damming strategy, such as using floating booms. Conversely, if the specific gravity is greater than 1, the material will sink, and responders may need to consider a dam that can contain the liquid on the surface or absorb it. Understanding the specific gravity helps responders to choose appropriate materials and methods to effectively contain and mitigate the spill.