What are convulsants?

Convulsants are substances that induce seizures in individuals exposed to them. This definition aligns with the correct option, which specifically identifies these poisons as causing convulsive actions in the body, often leading to seizures or involuntary muscle contractions. Understanding convulsants is crucial for those who work in hazardous materials situations because recognizing signs of exposure can significantly impact timely and appropriate medical response.

The other options pertain to different categories of harmful substances. Cancer-causing agents refer to carcinogens, which are not related to seizures but rather to the long-term development of cancer. The choice regarding materials that cause diarrhea focuses on gastrointestinal effects, typically associated with infectious agents rather than neurological symptoms. Lastly, materials causing allergic reactions deal with immune responses, which are distinct from the neurological effects induced by convulsants. Recognizing these distinctions is essential for effective hazard assessment and response in hazmat situations.